The reasonable layout of electrical components inside the low voltage distribution cabinet is crucial for its safe and stable operation and maintenance convenience. Here are some layout optimization strategies:
First, based on the principle of functional zoning. Divide electrical components with different functions such as incoming line switches, busbars, and feeder switches into different areas. For example, the incoming line part is concentrated on one side of the low voltage distribution cabinet to facilitate connection with the external power supply; the busbar area is set in the center to facilitate power supply to each feeder branch; the feeder switches are arranged in an orderly manner around the busbar. Such a layout can make the current path clear, reduce line crossing and electromagnetic interference, and improve electrical performance.
Secondly, consider the heat dissipation requirements. Components with high heat generation, such as high-power contactors and fuses, should be distributed in a well-ventilated position of the low voltage distribution cabinet to avoid local overheating caused by concentrated placement. Ventilation holes can be set on the cabinet or cooling fans can be installed to form a reasonable air convection channel to ensure timely heat dissipation, extend the service life of components and ensure the overall operation reliability of the low voltage distribution cabinet.
In addition, follow the principle of operational convenience. Components that often need to be operated, maintained or repaired, such as switch handles, indicator lights, and meters, should be installed at a height and position that is easy to reach and observe, generally in the middle and upper area of the front of the low voltage distribution cabinet. Operators can operate and view without bending over or climbing too high, which improves work efficiency and reduces the risk of operating errors.
From the perspective of electromagnetic compatibility, components that generate electromagnetic interference, such as inverters, are isolated from components that are sensitive to electromagnetic interference, such as controllers and communication modules. Metal partitions can be used to separate them to reduce the impact of electromagnetic radiation on sensitive components and ensure the normal operation of various circuit systems in the low voltage distribution cabinet.
In addition, component layout should also consider future expansion needs. Reserve a certain amount of space and installation position so that it can be easily expanded when new circuit branches need to be added or equipment upgraded, avoiding difficulties in later transformation due to compact layout.
In terms of wiring, plan a reasonable wiring path according to the layout of electrical components. Try to make the wires short and straight, reduce bending and winding, reduce line resistance and inductance, and avoid wires being too close to or crossing heating components to prevent wire insulation aging and electromagnetic interference.
The layout optimization of electrical components inside a low-voltage distribution cabinet requires comprehensive consideration of multiple factors, including functional zoning, heat dissipation, ease of operation, electromagnetic compatibility, expansion requirements, and wiring. Through a scientific and reasonable layout, the performance, reliability, and maintainability of the low-voltage distribution cabinet can be improved to meet the power distribution needs of different application scenarios.
